The walnut-based wind-borne pollination, pollen spread distance and wind speed, topography, etc., within a certain distance, the spread of pollen increased with the wind speed, with the increase of the distance decreases. The optimal pollination distance is within 100 meters from the pollinating tree. Over 300 meters can hardly be pollinated. Artificial pollination is required at this time. Pollen life in natural conditions is only about 5 days. It has been determined that the pollen viability that has just been released is as high as 90%, and it drops to 70% after being placed for one day. At room temperature, all were inactivated after 6 days; even under the refrigerator conditions, 12 days after powder collection, the viability dropped below 20%. During the day, pollination of female flowers is best at 9-10 am and 3-4 pm.
The pollination effect of walnuts is related to weather conditions and flowering conditions. Many years of experience have proved that where the female flowering period is short and the flowering is in order, the fruit setting rate is high, and vice versa. According to the survey, the female flowering period is 5-7 days, and the fruit setting rate is 80%-90%; 8-11 days, the fruit setting rate is below 70%; in 12 days, the fruit setting rate is only 36.9%. If the flowering season is low and rainy, it will obviously affect the normal pollination and fertilization activities and reduce the fruit setting rate.
Some walnut varieties or types can also produce viable seeds without pollination. This phenomenon is called parthenogenetic reproduction. Researchers abroad have observed the performance of 38 Chinese and European walnut varieties in the past 9 years, of which 18.5% were parthenogenetic. In addition, the use of pollen pollination, or treatment with indole acetic acid, naphthalene acetic acid and 2,4-D, or isolation of pollen with a paper bag can make walnuts bear fruit with kernels. This shows that, without pollination and fertilization, walnuts can also produce a certain percentage of seeds with reproductive ability. This has a certain use value for walnut production and scientific research.
1. Picking powder. When the male flower inflorescences individually start to loosen, collect the floret on the stout inflorescence where the base will loosen or just loosen, and keep the temperature loose at 20°C-25°C. The pollen is collected in a finger tube or a small penicillin bottle for later use. Each plant needs to spray about 3 grams of pollen.
2. Pollination. When the stigma of a female cultivar of walnut cleaves and the plumules of the stigma secrete a large amount of mucus and have a certain luster, it is the best time for female flowers to receive pollen. Usually only 2-3 days. Small pollen saplings are often pollinated by pollinators. When pollinating, pollen is loaded into the glass bottle of the duster and the upper part of the crown is sprayed. Or use a new brush and a small amount of pollen to gently light on the stigma. For adult trees or tall late walnut trees, pollen pollination can be used. The male inflorescences, which are immediately loosely powdered, are harvested and bundled into 4-5 pieces. Hanging on top of the canopy, allowing them to be scattered, can eliminate the trouble of collecting pollen, and the effect is quite good. Or mix the pollen with talcum powder or fine dry starch with clean and no impurity in a ratio of 1:10 and mix well and put it in a 2-4 layer Gauze bag, seal the bag mouth, and fix the gauze bag on the top of the long bamboo basket, then In the flowering period, the windward side of the canopy gently shakes, so that the pollen can be dropped on the female styling head.
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