ã€Abstract】 In hospital infusion, the family members of patients often need to pay attention to whether the liquid in the drip is dripped, and the timely treatment will cause danger and even lead to serious consequences. However, as the pace of society continues to accelerate, the number of patients in hospitals is increasing. Many large hospitals are often overcrowded, and some patients can only infuse in the corridors. In this case, the nurses are usually too busy to pay attention to, and can not timely notice the infusion of all patients. This will increase the probability of an accident and the safety of the patient is difficult to secure. So we designed an infusion alarm, which is a device that can issue an alarm when the liquid is about to be dripped, promptly reminding the caregiver to deal with it as soon as possible, reducing the burden on the patient's family and nurses, and effectively protecting the patient. Security.
1 Research background and purpose
1.1 Research background
With the continuous improvement of living standards and the accelerating pace of life, more and more people are experiencing deteriorating health, people are seriously ill, and there are rich diseases and intractable diseases. People from all over the world also went to the city to concentrate on medical treatment, which led to the shortage of medical resources in many cities, and the large hospitals in cities were overcrowded. Among them, the number of infusion patients is also increasing. Compared with the surge in patients, the nurses in the hospital are nervous, and so many patients are overwhelmed and busy. The shortage of staff and the fatigue of work make it impossible for them to cover everything. It is inevitable that some patients will not take care of them. Infusion patients usually need the care of family members or nurses. After the drug drops, if the care is not good, the patients often have dangers or even cause medical accidents.
1.2 Research purposes
The infusion alarm is a device that can issue an alarm when the liquid in the infusion bottle is about to be dripped, prompting the caregiver to deal with it as soon as possible, which can effectively and significantly reduce the burden on the patient's family and nurses, and greatly protect the patient's infusion safety. Effectively reduce contradictions between doctors and patients. Our research is to design an infusion alarm with small size, low power consumption, easy to use, simple structure and low price for popularization and application.
2 Research content
Design a simple medical infusion alarm, using a single-chip microcomputer as the processing chip, using the gravity sensor to monitor the remaining liquid in the infusion bottle, using the alarm circuit to indicate that the liquid is about to be dripped, and notify the medical staff in time. When the gravity is less than the set value, an alarm sounds and the indicator light changes color. The infusion alarm has a battery inside, and when the battery is too low, the indicator light stops working. And the infusion alarm should have the advantages of low cost and small size, easy to use, strong anti-interference ability and low power consumption. The infusion alarm has two parts: hardware and software. The hardware part includes power supply, control circuit, alarm module, and the software part is an application program for implementing infusion alarm.
3 Structure and circuit design
3.1 Structural design
The various infusion bottles used in hospitals today vary in model, including material and volume. Different infusion bottles have different requirements for infusion alarms. We believe that regardless of the infusion bottle, the total weight of the drug solution and the infusion bottle itself is always decreasing during the infusion process. We can use the gravity sensor to continuously measure the sum of the two gravity to monitor the remaining amount of liquid. The set detection time is once every 50ms. When the gravity is less than 30g, the liquid will be dripped, which will trigger an alarm.
The infusion alarm is made into a double hook type, and the gravity sensor is used to measure the quality of the liquid medicine and the infusion bottle. If it is less than the set value for 5 seconds, it is determined that the liquid is about to be dripped and an alarm is issued. We set the alarm value of the glass vial to 300g and the alarm value of the plastic bottle to 30g. The green light flashes during normal operation, the red light flashes when the alarm occurs, and the buzzer sounds an alarm. Considering that the patient sometimes needs to move, in order to prevent the alarm from being too sensitive, a false alarm is generated during the movement, so the timer is set to alarm when the measured value is less than the specified 5 seconds. The infusion alarm is automatically reset after each infusion alarm is completed, which is convenient for next use.
3.2 Circuit Design
3.2.1 Power supply design
The infusion alarm has a built-in 5v internal power supply and is connected to the control circuit. The switch is turned on, the green indicator lights up, and the infusion alarm starts working. The battery is easy to replace, which can extend the service life, reduce the volume and reduce the cost.
3.2.2 Control circuit design
The infusion alarm uses a single-chip processor to greatly reduce the number of originals and board size, reducing system cost.
First, the power supply is regulated and transformed, and the applicable voltage is output to supply power to the circuit. The detection circuit is mainly composed of a gravity sensor, and the gravity change of the gravity sensor is input to the control circuit, and the control circuit outputs a high and low level according to the difference of the input gravity change signal, and is input to the alarm circuit, and the alarm circuit alarms when the infusion is completed, reaching The effect of the infusion alarm.
(When the liquid is enough, the gravity is large enough, the voltage does not reach the set requirement, the alarm circuit does not work. When the liquid gradually decreases, the gravity becomes smaller to the set value, the alarm circuit works, the diode and buzzer at the output end Work to achieve the alarm function.)
3.2.3 Alarm circuit design
The indication status circuit displays the infusion status. The normal infusion status indicates that the green light is intermittently flashing, and the alarm circuit does not alarm; when the infusion is about to drop the state, the status indicates that the red light is intermittently flashing, and the buzzer sounds an alarm.
4 software programming
Including data button program, acquisition program, control program, alarm program, etc.
5 alarm interference analysis
The popular infusion alarms on the market have some problems of poor anti-interference ability. For example, an infusion alarm that uses a photoelectric sensor to monitor the infusion tube is very prone to deviation when detecting transparent liquid and non-transparent liquid. The separate setting of the two liquids will increase the design amount of the entire system and increase the cost. However, there is no similar problem for the alarm that we use gravity detection to realize the infusion alarm, because no matter what component of the infusion solution, the final total quality is always reduced below the value we set, which is very good. Realize the alarm. The biggest advantage of our designed infusion alarm is that it is simple in structure, low in cost and strong in anti-interference ability.
6 Conclusion
Such an infusion alarm effectively reduces the burden on the patient's family members and medical staff, alleviates the contradiction between doctors and patients caused by the shortage of medical human resources, and ensures the patient's life safety. And effectively solve the problem that some transparent liquid infusion alarms on the market can not be detected, and can not be detected under strong light. Moreover, it has the characteristics of small size, low power consumption, simple use, and low cost. Our gravity infusion alarms can be used in a wide range of infusion bottles. However, due to the gravity detection of the remaining liquid, plus the difference between the weight of different glass bottles and plastic bottles, such an alarm is slightly larger and less sensitive, and we need further improvement.
1. Product name:
AKD High Polymer Emulsifier
2. Product introduction:
AKD high polymer emulsifier (instead of traditional cationic starch based) is a kind of cationic polymer product developed by our technical department,which is the initiative developed product in the market.It can not only emulsify AKD Wax,but also proteched the AKD colloid dispersion and aid retention,it also can increase AKD sizing efficiency(2%-8%).It can get the high stability and better fixing effect AKD emulsion by mechanical stirring,in the meantime it greatly decrease AKD hygrolysis during storage and sizing process.Final AKD Emulsion shelf time is about 6 months which is longer than starch emulsified AKD emulsion.The final AKD Emulsion also has quicker curing effect.
3.Specification and Index:
|
Item |
Specification |
|
Appearance |
light yellow viscosity liquid |
|
Solid content |
40%min |
|
Viscosity,mPa.s,25°C |
2000-10000 mPa.s |
|
pH value |
2-5 |
|
shelf life |
6 months |
4. Application:
This Emulsifier greatly restricts the AKD hydrolysis and the migration aptitude.It can replace the starch based emulsifier and AKD Curing Agent,at the same time decrease the AKD WAX using quantity.The final AKD Emulsion by this high polymer emulsifier can realize 80% sizing effect after paper machine,and almost totally realize after rewinding,which can let the paper immediately get the good water resistance effect,so less surface sizing agent in size press can fulfill all the sizing requirement.For detail using method,please contact Greatland Chemicals Co.,Ltd.
5. Package and storage:
It should be stored in the warehouse with dry and cool condition protected from frozen and sunlight directly. The temperature should be below 30°C.
Packing with 200kg, 1000kg/drum.
High Polymer Emulsifier,40% High Polymer Emulsifier,AKD High Polymer Emulsifier,AKD Emulsifying Agent
Shandong Tiancheng Chemical Co., Ltd. , https://www.tianchengchemical.com