The overwintering winter eggplant cultivation in solar greenhouses is usually planted in early September, with a seedling age of 50-60 days, planting in late October, harvesting in early December, and pulling in June-July in the second year. It is a key to solve the severe winter and early spring market supply and realize the key to supply of eggplant anniversary. Generally 4000-6000 kg per mu.
First, applicable varieties
The cultivation of overwintering eggplants in solar greenhouses is mainly based on local eating habits. The selection of early-maturing varieties that are more resistant to low temperatures and weak light, stronger in disease resistance, less open plants, suitable for dense planting, fast fruit development, and good coloring It is necessary to consider varieties with thicker skin, resistant to storage and transportation, resistance to Brownie disease, and stronger ability to fight M. elegans. Such as: fast round eggplant, Fengyan 2nd, round miscellaneous No. 2, Solanza No. 8 and so on.
Second, nursery
Overwintering quail eggplant in order to enhance cold resistance and increase eggplant resistance to Verticillium wilt, bacterial wilt, root knot nematode disease, and root rot, generally adopt grafted cultivation. Rootstocks can be used Torurubam, C. oleifera (CRP) or red eggplant, of which Tolubemu has a strong affinity for grafting, growth potential is obviously enhanced, and most of the production is applied. Rootstocks used in Torubamu Mu 10 to 15 grams, scion varieties Mu 30 to 40 grams.
Grafting is generally used for grafting. When the rootstock, scion 5 - 7 true leaves when grafting suitable time for the middle and late September. One afternoon after grafting, 800,000 units of green and streptomycin were sprayed on 15 kilograms of water per seedling, or 800 to 1000 times of chlorothalonil was sprayed to eliminate the source of infection. Wells were removed. The rootstock seedlings are properly controlled before grafting to prevent brittleness of the embryonic axis during grafting. Count up from the base of the rootstock, leave 2 true leaves, and traverse the stem with a blade. Then cut a 0.7-0.8 cm deep incision along the stem's midline from the incision, and select a similar thickness to the rootstock. Scion seedlings, counting down from the top, cutting under the second or third true leaf, cutting the stem into two bevels with a bevel 0.7-0.8 cm long, and inserting it into the cut of the rootstock, Care should be taken to align the skins of the scion and rootstock, clamp them with grafting clips, and place them in small sheds.
After grafting, the seedlings were placed on a seedbed and drenched. Cover a small shed, heat and moisture, appropriate shading, the first 5 days temperature during the day 24 °C - 26 °C, 18 °C -20 °C at night, the relative humidity within the shed more than 90%, 5 days after the gradual reduction of humidity, air humidity 80% The seedlings should be properly exposed to light and ventilation. After 8 days, the relative humidity of the air reached 70%. After 10 days, the small arch shelter was removed, the grafting clips were removed, and normal management was performed. Rootstock grows very strongly. Branches are often sprouted below the grafting interface and must be removed in time to avoid consumption of nutrients.
If you grow your own roots, it is best to use seedlings or plugs to protect the roots. If it is necessary to divide the seedlings, the seedlings can be raised in the open field. When the seedlings are divided, they are transferred to the greenhouse and the seedlings are transplanted into the nutrition bowl. In the open season, seedlings should also be erected with arches and covered with rain-proof film. The focus is to strengthen the insulation at night. Pay attention to rain and shade in the early stage of nursery, and keep warm in the night during the late period. In high latitudes or high-cold areas, seedlings must be grown in greenhouses or in Yangshuo, and it is particularly important to keep them warm.
III. Preparation for soil preparation, fertilization, cultivation, and planting
15 days before planting, 1.5-2.5 kg of sulfur powder per mu or 250 ml of dichlorvos is mixed with sawdust, ignited and sealed for 24-hour fumigation. It is also possible to confine greenhouses for a week at a high temperature, which can effectively kill pathogens and eggs in the soil. Deduction of membranes in advance, generally from late September to early October. Planting the cold-proof soil outside the wall before and after planting and filling the cold-proof ditch outside the foot before freezing. This is an important measure for the cultivation of this quail eggplant in the colder regions of the north.
Overwintering pods are long-term cultivation and must be basal. General implementation of turfgrass 10000 kg of ground manure, and deep turning; decomposition of chicken manure 2 side, 30-50 kg of diammonium phosphate, used for fertilization. After the leveling, the width of the plant is 90 centimeters in width, 70 centimeters in width, and the width of the plant is 40 to 50 centimeters in width and 30 centimeters in depth. The fine fertilizer is applied to deep in the furrow and mixed thoroughly with the soil. Water in the ditch. After water infiltration, it can be used to fill the ditch with a height of 20 cm and a width of 60 cm. Leave a 30cm walkway in the wide line and a 10cm water ditch in the narrow line. The above work should be completed 7 to 10 days before planting.
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