[Viewpoint] 2016 Precision Medical Age has arrived

With the advancement of medical technology and the improvement of the medical environment, can the complex diseases that plague people be treated more effectively? Relevant statistics show that traditional medical programs are not effective in treating complex diseases such as cancer (malignant tumors), heart disease, and coronary heart disease with high urban resident mortality. According to data released by WINSymposium, traditional medicine has an inefficiency of up to 75% in the treatment of cancer. People still talk about "cancer" discoloration. Therefore, it is imperative to base on big data and emphasize personalized “ precise medical care ”.

Analyze and study individual differences of patients through genomics, proteomics and other technologies, accurately find the cause of disease and therapeutic targets, and achieve personalized and precise treatment of diseases and specific patients - this is "precise medical", and perhaps the future The gospel of patients with complex diseases such as cancer.

Recently, Dr. Liang Wei, deputy director of the Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology at the MD Anderson Cancer Center of the University of Texas, received an exclusive interview with iResearch. In his view, the "precise medical era" has arrived. With the development of key links such as gene sequencing , accurate medical solutions based on individual differences will be widely used in clinical practice to improve the cure rate and survival time of complex diseases such as cancer.

From "the right medicine" to "the mechanism medicine"

Many studies, including the MD Anderson Cancer Center in the United States, have found that differences in genetic, environmental, and lifestyle habits between individuals can affect disease prevention and treatment.

"Cancer has significant individual differences and is highly heterogeneous. This heterogeneity has led to the use of some drugs in different patients, and the effects will vary widely." Liang Shu said, "We will find that the simple 'prescription drug' success The rate is not high."

Therefore, "matching" becomes the key. Accurate medical treatment is a process that matches the differential factors of diseases and patients with drugs and treatments. It is better to achieve therapeutic effects against the "mechanism".

At the MD Anderson Cancer Center in the United States, Liang Shu and his team analyzed the large-scale cancer genome map (TCGA) data to explore the relationship between individual genetic differences and diseases, and the choice of drugs and treatment methods. A lot of research has been done on post-risk assessment.

“On the one hand, we can assess the risk of the patient's recovery and develop a more compatible treatment strategy. If the risk is low, avoid over-treatment; if the risk is high, we need to actively apply some auxiliary treatment. "How on. On the other hand, for advanced cancer patients, there is a need to select targeted drugs. Genomic difference information can remind us which drugs to choose to be more likely to give patients a good therapeutic effect."

In Liang Shuming's view, according to the molecular information of the tumor, the patient can get more targeted treatment, which can greatly improve the cure rate of the disease and prolong the survival time of the patient. This is the significance of precision medicine.

"The era of precision medicine" has arrived

Thanks to the rapid development of big data analysis and research, precision medicine has received more and more attention and attention. In the past few years, many countries have initiated research and application programs in precision medicine-related fields such as genomes.

In early 2015, the United States officially launched the "Precision Medicine" program to promote the development of personalized medicine. And in early 2016, US President Barack? During the State of the Union address, Obama announced the "Cancer Moon Plan" and appointed Vice President Biden to lead the program. In 2016, in the “National Key R&D Program” recently released by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, precision medical care ranked first in the national key R&D plan. In addition, the United Kingdom, Australia and other countries have initiated and promote research in the field of precision medicine.

Liang Shuming believes that the research on gene sequencing, the core technology of precision medicine, has been carried out for many years, and the era of precision medicine has gradually arrived.

At present, the wide application of high-throughput sequencing equipment, the amount of genetic data has also increased exponentially, and the cost of sequencing of genome sequences has dropped significantly. In May 2016, iResearch released the “2016 Global Second Generation Gene Sequence Industry Investment Research Report”, which mentioned that the average cost per megabyte of gene sequencing and the cost of single human gene sequencing all exceeded the “Moore's Law”. The cost of human genome sequencing in 2001 was as high as $95.263 million, but the cost of sequencing single human genomes has now dropped to several thousand dollars.

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