Since September 2016, human infection with H7N9 bird flu has entered a new round of epidemic seasons. Both the country and Zhejiang province are in a high incidence season. New cases and new outbreaks continue to emerge. The number of reported cases is significantly higher than the level of previous years. In a moment, people talked about the change of birds. How should bird flu prevent scientifically? In order to stay away from bird flu, what preventive actions we have in our daily lives? The reporter interviewed the relevant experts of the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
11 cases of human H7N9 death in our province in January
Significantly higher than in previous years
According to the official website of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, 192 cases of H7N9 bird flu were reported to have been infected in January 2017, and 79 cases had been reported. Zhejiang Province reported 35 cases of infection and 11 cases of death, which was significantly higher than the same period of previous years. From February 6th to February 12th, 69 cases of H7N9 confirmed cases were reported nationwide, and 35 cases were reported from February 13 to February 23, from the average of about 10 cases per day to 3 cases per day. It shows that the preliminary prevention and control work has achieved results.
According to the law of previous years, the incidence rate will remain low for a period of time until late April. However, due to the wide distribution of the current epidemic situation, in order to prevent the epidemic from recurring, localities still have to tighten their nerves and continue to do a good job of prevention and control.
The statutory infectious disease epidemic released by the Zhejiang Provincial Health Planning Commission shows that in October, November and December 2016, there were 1 case, 0 case and 20 cases of H7N9 bird flu in our province respectively, and 1 case died in December. In January 2017, the number of cases rose to 35 cases and 11 cases died. In January 2016, the number of people infected with H7N9 avian influenza in our province was 13 and 2 died; in January 2015, the number of cases was 11 and 1 died.
From September 2016, the positive rate of H7 in the external environment in Zhejiang Province showed an upward trend, which is consistent with the increase in the number of cases. The degree of H7 pollution outside the province in 2016 was similar to 2015, but higher than in 2013 and 2014, indicating that the H7N9 flu activity was higher than in the previous period.
According to the surveillance of the disease control department, more than 90% of the cases of humans infected with the H7N9 bird flu reported by Zhejiang Province had contact history with poultry. According to reports, the H7N9 bird flu epidemic in Zhejiang Province has three main characteristics in the new epidemic season: the spread of the epidemic is widespread; the exposure ratio is high, live poultry contact is still the main source of infection, and infections accounted for after purchasing live poultry from mobile vendors. The proportion increased; rural cases accounted for a larger proportion.
In view of the peak season of H7N9 bird flu in Zhejiang Province, the provincial government issued an emergency notice on February 10: All regions of the province will close all live poultry trading markets in the counties before 18:00 on February 11. On February 10th, the city held a meeting on the prevention and control of H7N9 bird flu outbreaks, intensified inspections and outreach of live-bird trade outside the market, and at the same time thoroughly cleaned and disinfected live poultry trading venues. Live poultry centralized slaughter and "net killing of white poultry" listed supply and other work.
It is understood that since December 2016, the city has expanded the scope of external environmental monitoring and the number of sampling, achieved full coverage of districts and counties (cities), and monitored and found that the positive rate of H7N9 virus detection in the external environment such as live poultry trading sites increased. With the frequent visit of cold air, the virus is becoming more active and exposed to such “external environmentâ€. People with poor immunity, old age, and chronic diseases may be “invited.†From March to April is still the peak period of H7N9 bird flu. If there is no effective cut off of human contact with live birds, sporadic cases will continue to occur.
Holding raw eggs in hand to cause bird flu?
Disease control experts teach you to identify all kinds of rumors
The high incidence of human infection with H7N9 avian flu has caused the bird flu to attract a lot of attention in the society. Some unscientific rumors have been flying all over the place.
During this time, there was a warning about the bird flu caused by raw eggs in the WeChat group: “You must wash your hands after taking raw eggs. It’s very important! Yesterday, friends said that he had bird flu and he had been cured for 4 days. The hospital gave a notice of critical illness.The doctor asked if she had poultry in her home.She said that who would raise this in a residential building!And asked her what she had touched,she said that she would boil eggs every morning.The family took the existing eggs and tested the results. She has a bird flu virus on her shell. She said that she usually does not wash her hands after eating eggs. This is the way of infection."
Can you be infected with bird flu when you take a raw egg? “The case of bird flu caused by contact with raw chicken eggs has not received relevant reports from the whole city, the whole province, and even the whole country. Not only this year but also in previous years there have been no such cases.†Director of the Center for Infectious Diseases Control at the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention Yi Bo made it clear that this rumor is false at the moment.
In addition, there are many rumors about H7N9 on the Internet, some of which have caused misunderstandings and panic among citizens. The reporter chose to take five rumors and asked Yibo to answer them one by one.
Rumor 1: How to kill H7N9 virus by eating pickled chicken and big chicken?
After the appearance of H7N9, there were many news on the Internet that people died of food, such as chicken pickled chicken and chicken. They are false news from the current point of view. According to the authoritative information released by the National Health and Family Planning Commission, the most important risk factor causing human infection with the H7N9 virus is an environment that is directly or indirectly exposed to infected live poultry or infected poultry. At present, most cases of H7N9 cases diagnosed in China are exposed or exposed to live poultry before the onset of disease, and the proportion of H7N9 exposed to live poultry markets is mostly high.
Rumor 2: H7N9 bird flu will be transmitted from person to person?
According to previous data, human infection with H7N9 avian flu is spread. There is no definite evidence that the H7N9 virus can be transmitted from person to person. Therefore, such viruses do not transmit well in the human population. However, the mortality rate of people infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza in the past is very high, about 60%.
Rumor 3: Can't eat chicken or duck recently?
Bird flu viruses are generally sensitive to heat and can be inactivated by heating at 65°C for 30 minutes or boiling at 100°C for more than 2 minutes. Therefore, fully cooked poultry is edible. However, the bird flu virus has strong resistance to low temperature and can survive for 1 month at 4°C. Therefore, during the bird flu epidemic season, bloody white-cut chickens, boiled eggs, quail eggs, quail-duck blood, and chicken blood are all at high risk of viral infection and should not be eaten.
Rumor 4: H7N9 bird flu has no cure?
At present, for H7N9 cases, the main anti-virus and symptomatic treatment. To reduce the occurrence of severe cases and deaths of H7N9, it is very important to have early treatment and early treatment, especially the use of antiviral drugs, and use them as soon as possible after the onset. Therefore, it is recommended that in the high season and high incidence areas, if fever and respiratory symptoms occur, they should wear a mask, go to a regular medical institution for treatment, and tell the doctor about possible poultry contact before the onset of disease, as well as poultry environmental exposure, such as whether to live The poultry market, where to travel recently, etc.
Rumor 5: Fish, cold skin, sauerkraut and other foods also spread the H7N9 virus?
The H7N9 virus is a type of influenza virus that mainly infects and spreads between birds. At present, there is no evidence that H7N9 virus can infect fish, and Liangpi, cold noodles, pickled cabbage, and other foods have little to do with H7N9 virus infection.
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