The use of mulching techniques for the cultivation of spring peanuts has the advantages of early sowing, increasing temperature and moisture conservation, suppressing weeds, preventing late spring and cold temperatures, promoting the growth and development of peanuts, raising the morning market, increasing profits, and increasing the fruit filling rate. , but also improve the quality. In order to better promote the cultivation techniques of peanut mulching and achieve high quality and high efficiency of peanuts, the key technologies for covering peanut mulching are described below:
Prepare for broadcast
The selection of superior varieties is the key to maintaining seedlings and seedlings on the one hand and is an economic and effective measure to increase production and improve quality. Peanut varieties should use varieties with high yield potential and good commercial products such as Huaihua No.4, Huaihua No.5, Huaihua No.2 and Luhua No.14.
Seed treatment peanut seedlings are usually peeled off about 10 days before sowing. It is not good for seed germination to emerge before or after shelling. Peanut shelling before drying 2 to 3 days can kill bacteria, effectively increasing the seed germination rate.
Daejeon cultivates medium-grade fertility, good conditions for drainage and irrigation, or sandy soil. In the site preparation, 1.5 to 2 kg of phoxim are used for mu and 0.5 kg of water and 20 kg of fine soil are applied to the soil to prevent overwintering. In order to ensure the quality of the coating, the soil should be ploughed and plowed for 2 to 3 times to reach the leveling of the land.
Formula fertilization combined with more than 3 cubic meters of coarse fertilizer per acre, 40 kg of superphosphate, 15 kg of potash, 500 g of large grain boron, or 45% of special high-quality compound fertilizer, 50 kg, 500 g of large-grain boron, evenly applied to the soil .
Select the mulching film to choose the thickness of 0.05mm ultrafine film, the amount of about 3.5 kilograms of mu.
Seeding film technology
Seeding time in the mastering of the sowing time, should be 5 cm above ground temperature stable over 12 °C as an important basis for covering peanuts with plastic film. In the northern region, the peanut film sowing date is around April 20.
Sowing amount per acre seed amount: large, Zhongren shelled peanuts about 25 kg (equivalent to about 16 kg of peanuts).
The proper planting method for dense planting is the foundation and guarantee for the high yield of peanuts. Planting methods are planted in small and large rows with a 30 cm spacing, a large row spacing of 55-60 cm, and a hole spacing of 18 cm. The seedlings are planted with 2 seeds per hole and a depth of 3 cm. Guarantee the density of 8000 to 9000 holes per mu.
When mulching with artificial mulch film, it must be straightened and tensioned, and the soil pressure shall be strictly used around; when mechanical coating is applied, the quality of the coating film shall be guaranteed. If there is a hole in the membrane with soil pressure, prevent winds from uncovering the membrane, in order to accelerate the elevation of ground temperature and promote early emergence of seedlings and total seedlings.
Seedlings are generally 10 to 15 days after sowing, and peanuts will emerge successively. When the cotyledons are unearthed and opened, or when the cotyledons are unearthed but the true leaves are visible, they must use a finger or a blade to open a cross-shaped mouth on the seedlings. The seedlings are filmed, and then the membrane openings are sealed with fine soil at the openings to prevent runaways. When opening the hole and letting go, you should listen to the weather forecast. If the outside temperature is too high, it is not too late to break the membrane and release the seedlings. In particular, it is necessary to prevent the high temperature within the membrane when the sunlight is strong and cause burning of seedlings.
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