Rhizoctonia solani mainly damages the sheath and culm of wheat base, and the symptoms are hidden (basal hazard). The hazards are non-intuitive (usually dark wounds, severe death of labor or dead white spikes), and the typical symptoms are shuttle-shaped disease or Moire lesions, lesions gray white, pale brown edges.
The course of the disease can be divided into 5 stages: First, the pre-winter disease period, the wheat seedlings see the disease at the 2 leaf stage, and damage the base leaf sheath; 2) When the temperature is lower than 10°C, it enters the overwintering stationary phase; 3) The spring returns to the green jointing stage and enters the horizontal expansion. Period; four is the end of March to the middle and late April into the disease stem invasion period; fifth is the month of white ear performance period. The main stage of the disease in Jiangsu Province was: from early November to mid-December of last year, pathogenic bacteria infecting wheat seedlings were infected by Huaibei germs. From late December to mid-February last year, germs lodged in the soil with sclerotia or latent overwintering at the base of wheat germ. In the second half of February, the early spring period of spring infestation or winter pre-infection is the spring; the middle and early March is the beginning of spring infection, and the middle and late March is the prosperous period, mainly in terms of horizontal expansion; 4 In the middle of the month, the invasion of stems is endangered, and the vertical expansion occurs in late April; in May, the emergence of white spikes (serious fields).
For the wheat sheath blight, we should take the cultivation measures as the basis, the treatment of the seed of the pesticide as the key, and the comprehensive prevention and treatment measures for the prevention and treatment of severe disease fields in the early spring combined with the medicament. (1) Agricultural control. Appropriate amount of appropriate sowing, appropriate close planting, control of population density, increase of organic fertilizer and potash fertilizer, implementation of crop rotation, timely prevention of grassland damage, drainage of ditch, reduction of field humidity, planting resistant varieties, such as planting Xumai series in Huaibei area, Huai Mai 20, Yanfu 188, tobacco farmers 19 and other disease-resistant varieties. (2) Chemical seed dressing. Six grams of 6% tebuconazole seed coating agent was used in Rickettsia. 300 ml of water was added and 25 kg of wheat seeds were mixed. It is also possible to use 3% difenoconazole seed coat, 23% imidacloprid benzoate suspension, 16% fenazole, and fentanyl double-seeded seed coating, as well as smut and smut. (3) Prevention and treatment of spraying in early spring. In the period of returning green joints of wheat, before the germs begin to invade the stem, when the rate of diseased plants reaches 10%, the first dose of pesticide is sprayed. Jiangsu is usually in mid-March. Can use 16% Jinggangmycin soluble powder 50-60 grams per acre, or 5% Jinggangmycin aqueous solution 300-400 ml, or 10% Jinggang waxy suspension suspension 250-300 ml, or 25% propiconazole 30 ~ 40 ml of cream, or 10 ~ 20 ml of 10% hexaconazole, or 30% of benziconazole EC 20 ~ 30 ml. Add 50-75 kilograms of water per acre. Apply enough water to the base of the wheat seedlings. Apply when the dew is not dry or in the evening. Can be used electric, motorized electrostatic sprayer, spray sprayer spraying, does not advocate spray application. Repeat the field plots 7 to 10 days before applying another medicine.
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