Wheat is the main cereal crop in China and has a wide planting area. Therefore, it is very important to do a good job in the prevention and miscellaneous work of wheat varieties. So how do we do a good job in the prevention and miscellaneous work of wheat varieties? The following three measures are mainly done for wheat anti-pollution and purity.
Establish a sound management system
For seed production enterprises, it is necessary to establish and improve the wheat breeding system and standardized production procedures, from the introduction and supply of provenance, the selection of breeding bases, the conventional field management methods, meticulous decontamination, strict seed testing, and standards. Every key link in processing marketing must establish sound procedures and systems, and strengthen training for employees and base farmers to lay a solid institutional foundation for the production of qualified wheat seeds. The seed management department shall strictly implement the national standards for quality of wheat and improved varieties, strengthen the purity inspection of seed production fields, and strengthen the supervision of agricultural administrative law enforcement. It is strictly prohibited from online filing, seed quality inspection, and market inspection. Unqualified wheat seeds enter the agricultural resources market for sale. At the same time, the problem of wheat seed quality disputes arising in the jurisdiction should be strictly dealt with according to law, severely crack down on seed violations, and purify and improve the purity of crop varieties from seed business operators.
Develop strict seed production procedures
1. Seed Raising and Treatment The wheat variety should be purchased at the seed patent person or the original seed field for seed propagation, and the seed preparation for the base should be prepared. After the seeds are returned, when seed dressing or coating or packaging, it is necessary to treat different varieties separately, and ensure that the machinery and utensils must be clean and clean to prevent mixed varieties.
2. Seed distribution and receipt After the seed breeding base is prepared, it will be distributed to the farmers in a timely manner before planting. In the process of seed distribution, it should be extraordinarily detailed, and the production bases of different varieties should be registered and distributed to the farmers in a batch, and the farmers should be required to store the seeds according to the operating rules after receiving the seeds, so as to prevent the human factors from causing mixed varieties.
3. Field management and decontamination After seed sowing, it is necessary to strengthen the field management, which is more elaborate than the general field production, and ensure that the excellent characteristics of the variety are fully utilized. In all aspects of wheat growth, seed fields should be used for miscellaneous work, usually in the critical period of wheat seedlings, jointing, heading and maturity, and the times of picking up and getting worse, the earlier the extraction time, the better. In principle, it is required to complete all the flowers before flowering, to avoid the “intra-group crossing†between the non-product plants and the normal plants, and to avoid the lodging in the late stage of the seed field and to prevent miscellaneous and inferior. When you go to the wrong place, you need to completely remove the whole plant, and be sure to be comprehensive, clean and thorough.
4. Seed Harvesting and Storage Wheat seeds should be harvested in a single order. Before the harvest, it is necessary to pass the field test to confirm that the purity of the field seeds meets the national seed quality standards, and should be eliminated if the national standards are not met. At the time of harvest, the agricultural harvesting machinery is strictly cleaned, and the mechanical mixing caused by mechanical harvesting and pulling is strictly prevented. When harvesting another variety, the machine must be carefully and carefully cleaned. After harvesting, the seeds must be “four special†(special drying, special plane transportation, special machine selection, special storage), to prevent mechanical mixing and ensure seed purity.
Use suitable high-yield cultivation techniques
1. Selection of seed base The base for breeding seeds should choose a relatively convenient transportation, the soil is flat and fertile, the plots are concentrated and contiguous, and the Sichuan (塬) area with good isolation conditions is mechanized sowing and harvesting, and there are drying places.
2. Selection of breeding varieties It is necessary to speed up the selection and selection of the main varieties suitable for the production of the area to ensure the production of the field.
3. Intensive cultivation and land preparation and fertilization Before planting, deep tillage and flattening of the base fertilizer to ensure that the soil is loose, no obvious waste, improve soil structure and improve soil conservation.
4. Field management Timely weeding and weeding, watering and fertilizing, promote the good development of wheat plants, so that the goodness is fully demonstrated, and the quality of wheat is improved by suitable harvest.
The above is a four-point measure for wheat anti-mixing and pure, I hope to help you!
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