The common shaped fruits of eggplant during the results are mainly blackened and shortened eggplant, cracked eggplant, double-bodied eggplant and dull eggplant. These malformed eggplants are difficult to sell at a good price because of their unsightly appearance, so the deformed eggplant will cause certain economic losses. The causes and prevention methods of malformed eggplants are described below.
First, cracked eggplant
1. The cracked eggplant is divided into two types: fruit splitting and splitting. The fruit crack is mainly caused by the damage of the sassafras. The adult larvae of the sassafras can harm the growth point of the eggplant as well as the tender stems and twigs, and can harm the fruit. After the fruit is damaged, the peel is thick and rough, and the internal placenta tissue is still developing, resulting in the endothelium not being long, causing the peel to crack and the pulp seeds to be exposed. The cleft palate is mainly caused by sudden rainfall or irrigation after continuous drought, and the growth of the pericarp is slower than that of the placenta.
2. Prevention methods: First, ensure that there is enough sensation during the growth period of the eggplant, so that it does not continue to suffer from drought. The second is to clean up the residual leaves and weeds of the former crops and reduce the source of insects. Third, chemical control, spray 15 kg of water with 15% of 2% avermectin EC or spray 3000 times of 20% triazole tin suspension.
Second, the dull eggplant 1. Causes: It usually occurs in the late stage of fruit development, mainly caused by continuous drought or irrigation.
2. Prevention method: Keep an eye on the changes in the moisture of the eggplant field. In addition to fertilization, it is necessary to dilute the water without dripping, so that the water is fertilized and the water is simmered.
Third, double eggplant 1. This type of eggplant is generally a multi-cardiac deformed eggplant. The main reason for the formation is that the total amount of fertilizer input is too large, or the concentration of the plant growth regulator is too high, or the flowering period encounters a low temperature.
2. Prevention methods: First, rational fertilization, when the seedlings are fixed, the manure water is poured to raise the seedlings. During the fruit-expanding period, 500-1000 kg of manure water and 20 kg of compound fertilizer are applied per mu. When the eggplant grows to a large egg, 4000-6000 kg of biogas slurry per acre or 15-20 kg of urea. At the end of the year, nitrogen fertilizer was applied again. At the end of the results, the leaves were sprayed with 0.2% urea and 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Second, the correct application of plant growth regulators, such as ketamine or auxin, should be done in small amounts, before being light and heavy. Third, when excessive fertilization or excessive concentration of plant growth regulator is found, spraying 800-1000 times of water-soluble liquid fertilizer in time can play a good role in de-fertilization and detoxification.
Fourth, the short blackened eggplant
1. For eggplants that appear short and dark, it is generally the reason why eggplant lacks boron fertilizer. The style of the round eggplant can be divided into long, medium and short styles and infertile styles. Under normal circumstances, round eggplant is not a natural pollination result, but is achieved by anthers, but because the eggplant lacks boron fertilizer, the ovary is not developed. Complete, resulting in slow fruit development.
2. Prevention methods:
(1) First of all, pay attention to the supplement of boron: before the flowering of the round eggplant, it is necessary to increase the implementation of boron fertilizer, and also increase the application amount of potassium fertilizer, which can promote the expansion of eggplant fruit.
(2) Secondly, adjust the appropriate environmental conditions: In the planting of round eggplant, if the planting environment is low temperature, weak light, not only dry, but also high temperature at night, it is easy to cause the short and black condition of the eggplant style. The occurrence of this, so the planter needs to adjust the environment in the greenhouse in time, to maintain the greenhouse temperature in the range of 25-30 degrees, the night temperature is 18-20 degrees in the first half of the night, and the most suitable range is 16-18 degrees in the middle of the night.
(3) Then avoid the unevenness of droughts and floods: if the soil is relatively dry or moist, or relatively dry when planting eggplant in the greenhouse, the roots of the eggplant plants will be easily injured and grow slowly, resulting in short and black styles. How much water to pour depends on the degree of soil moisture. When watering, do not irrigate the water to avoid root damage caused by large water irrigation.
(4) Finally, we must pay attention to the balanced supply of nutrients: it is necessary to provide the nutrition needed for the growth of the eggplant in a timely manner. If the style of the flower is blackened, the humidity in the shed should be relatively wet, which may easily cause gray mold and flower rot. Infection, so you can choose to use some drugs for preventive treatment, so that the sub-operation will have a good control effect.
The reasons for the occurrence of malformed eggplant and preventive measures must be clear to everyone. Then, for the growers who grow eggplant, we must pay attention to prevent the occurrence of malformed eggplant, and often observe the growth of eggplant. Once an abnormality is found, measures should be taken to prevent it.
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