White melon seeds are the seeds of seed pumpkins. They are rich in protein and fat. They have high nutritional value and are processed into melon seeds or edible oil. White melon seeds are cultivated throughout China, but the quality varies greatly. In order to improve the planting area and quality of white melon seeds, the standardized cultivation techniques of white melon seeds are now shared as follows.
First, growth habits
Climatic conditions: The frost-free period is above 1300 °C for more than 110 days. The weather is like high temperature and low rain. In summer, it is not suitable for rainy and foggy. Even the rainy and even foggy days affect the rate of sitting, which has a great impact on the growth of the later period.
Soil conditions: Choose sandy loam, loam, and acid black loess can be cultivated. White melon seeds have strong drought resistance and are afraid of cockroaches. They should choose soils with high topography, good drainage, good permeability and not easy to guilty.
Second, the variety selection
Choose semi-managed varieties with high temperature resistance, fast growth rate and high rate of melon, such as Ruifeng No. 9.
Third, the soil preparation of base fertilizer
Soil disinfection was carried out with 2 kg of 5% phoxim granules and 2 kg of carbendazim 2 kg per acre before the preparation of the soil. Apply 5,000 kilograms of high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, 40 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 15 kilograms of urea, 20 kilograms of potassium sulfate, and combine with fertilization to deepen 25-30 centimeters. The ridge is made by marking the line of 130 cm, the ridge height is 15-20 cm, the ridge surface is 80 cm wide, and the furrow is 50 cm wide.
Fourth, sowing
From April 10th to April 25th, we choose to plant at 10:00-16:00 on a sunny day. The seeding rate per acre is 400-500 grams. The seeds are dried for 1 day before sowing to increase the germination rate. Plant two rows of white melon seeds on the ridge surface, the hole spacing is 50 cm per hole, and take the form of deep-plant shallow soil. The depth of the hole is 5-8 cm from the ground after sowing, then 120 cm wide and 0.012 mm thick. The mulch is covered, and the melon seedlings are allowed to grow in the cave for a period of time after emergence, in order to prevent the frost from being damaged after the emergence of the seedlings or the hot seedlings at noon at a high temperature.
V. Management after sowing
After the night cream, rupture the membrane and put the seedlings. Put the seedlings on the seedlings for 2-3 days before the seedlings to smelt the seedlings. When placing the seedlings, select one seedling with hypertrophy and dark green leaves for each hole, and the rest. Then you can leave it and seal the membrane mouth with wet soil. When the vine is 50 cm long, use the wet soil to crush the vine and cut off the roots and the side vines, and then press it again every 4-5 knots. Because white melon seeds affect the rate of sitting at high temperature, artificial pollination is required. The artificial flowers that have just been opened are taken off before 9:00 am every day to remove the corolla and reveal the stamens. Gently spread on the head of the female flower, a male flower can be painted 3- 4 female flowers, one plant left 2 melons to be placed in the second melon, 6-8 pieces of leaves in front of melon. When the melon grows to the size of the egg, 15 kg of NPK compound fertilizer is applied per mu. Remove old leaves, yellow leaves, diseased leaves, and residual leaves in time, and keep leaves short. For the lateral buds and tendrils sprouted between the leaves, picking leaves, whiskers, and snoring should be carried out at noon on sunny days.
Sixth, harvesting and drying
Harvest
1. Harvest period: At the beginning of September, there are many small tumor-like bulges, which can be harvested when the nails are not inserted into the melon.
2, the method of playing melon: use the iron shovel to shovel the melon vines, it is best to keep the melon handle to throw the melon on a scorpion, to facilitate the late seeding operation, start the sleepy melon for about 10 days, so that the seeds are full, the capacity is increased. Yield.
3, harvesting method: use white melon seeds separator to remove seeds, use a four-foot fork to feed the melon into the machine. Remember to watch the weather forecast when you are seeding. It is best to have a good weather and easy to dry.
Drying
1. Use the screen window to dry the method: you need to put a shelf, so that the dried melon seeds are of good quality.
2, using the crepe drying method: so clean the tarpaulin before drying to avoid dirty boards, dry on the crepe should not be over, sunny weather, do not turn the seeds in two days, wait for the seeds are stretched and then use the wooden multi-foot扒 Translate to avoid skateboarding. Always avoid freezing when drying.
3, drying standard: drying is very critical, moisture less than 9%, no dirty board, no skateboard, no frozen board, no enamel, impurities less than 0.4%. In this way, you can sell a good price, but you must avoid freezing the board. The purchaser is very afraid of freezing the board, and the price difference is very large.
Seven, the treatment of straw
After the melon is finished, wait for the melon to dry. Use the four-wheeled vehicle to loosen the white melon seeds to the ground. After the fireproof period, burn it, do not affect the next year, or allow the time to allow melon seeds. Dry out, use the joint land preparation work directly, but this must be optimistic about the weather, so that the straw can be returned to the field.
Eight, pest control
The main pests are aphids and whitefly, and the main diseases are powdery mildew, gray mold, and viral diseases.
powdery mildew
Control method: 30% ether bacteria, acyl bacterium suspension 1000 times solution or 25% diethyl ether phenol sulfonate 800 times solution or 10% high water dispersion granules 1500-2000 times liquid spray, spray once every 10d, Spray 3-4 times.
Viral disease
Control method: 20% hydrochloric acid morpholinium wettable powder 500 times liquid or 5% bacteria poison clear wet powder 400 times liquid spray, 7-10d.1 times, spray 3-4 times.
Gray mold
Control method: 50% speed Keling wettable powder 1000-1500 times liquid or 10% Shiga wettable powder 1000 times liquid, spray once every 7d, 40% pyrimethanil suspension 1000 times liquid, even spray 2— 3 times.
aphid
Control method: 2.5% enemy killing emulsifiable oil 2000-3000 times liquid or 10% imidacloprid WP 2000-3000 times liquid or 3% mites è„’ emulsifiable milk 1000-1500 times liquid spray.
Whitefly
Control method: 1.8% avermectin EC 1500 times solution; or 2.5% cyhalothrin 3000 times solution or 25% chlorpyrifos 1000-1500 times solution or 10% imidacloprid WP 1500-2000 times solution.
The above is the standardized cultivation technology of white melon seeds, the content is for reference only. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to the Hui Nong School!
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