What are the physiological diseases of cucumber and tomato? The physiological diseases of cucumber include curved fruit, big belly melon, pointed melon, bee waist melon, bitter melon, tomato physiological disease has empty fruit, tendon rot fruit, umbilon tumor disease, the specific control measures are as follows.
1. Physiological diseases and preventive measures of cucumber
1, curved fruit
(1) Reasons: The stems and leaves are too dense, the ventilation and light transmission are poor, and the soil moisture is insufficient.
(2) Control measures: timely pruning and snoring; suitable for ventilation, increase ventilation after entering March; apply 3~5 tons of organic fertilizer per acre;
2, big belly melon
(1) Reason: Poor pollination; when the growth is weak, due to malnutrition or lack of potassium, the cucumber has a big belly.
(2) Control measures: artificial pollination; reasonable fertilization, no application of nitrogen fertilizer, multi-application of oil residue and farmyard manure.
3, pointed melon
(1) Reasons: poor fertilization, or planting strong and strong parts; malnutrition, from the middle of the fruit to the top part of the expansion and weak growth; pointed melons occur in continuous high temperature, drought conditions.
(2) Control measures: select excellent varieties; keep the soil moist, and inject water once every 2-3 days in the hot season; apply more organic fertilizer; rush 1 time of large manure or pig manure.
4, bee waist melon
(1) Reason: During the high temperature drying period, the growth potential is weakened and the deformed melon is prone to occur.
(2) Control measures: dip water regularly to keep the soil moist; rational fertilization, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., with appropriate amount, not biased with nitrogen fertilizer.
5, bitter melon
(1) Reasons: too much nitrogen; insufficient water, water pollution; low temperature, insufficient light; fertilizer deficiency and plant weakness at the end of the growth period are prone to bitterness.
(2) Control measures: maintain the balance of vegetative growth and reproductive growth to enhance the absorption capacity of the root; the best irrigation in the latter half of the night.
Second, tomato physiological diseases and preventive measures
1, empty fruit
(1) Reasons: high temperature, low sunshine, etc. inhibit the development of pollen grains, resulting in incomplete fertilization, forming no fruit; the development of placental tissue is inhibited, the formation of gummy substances is poor, and empty fruit is formed; before and after flowering and young fruit The temperature is too high or the plant grows vigorously, resulting in a hollow fruit.
(2) Control measures: When the hormone is applied, the concentration is not too high, and the concentration of 2.4-D is 10-15 mg/kg. When cultivating, pay attention to ventilation and keep the temperature in the range of 25-27 degrees, and the night temperature is 15 Within -18 degrees.
2, tendon rot fruit
(1) Reasons: Less sunshine and high temperature, causing insufficient carbohydrate; ammonia nitrogen is too strong, causing abnormal metabolism and rot.
(2) Control measures: apply more decomposed organic fertilizer and less urea; when greenhouse cultivation, it should be more light to keep the soil moist.
3, umbilon disease
(1) Reason: The soil is dry, and the application amount of nitrogen and potassium is too much, causing the concentration of the soil solution to be too high, and inhibiting the absorption of calcium by the plant.
(2) Control measures: no organic fertilizer that is not fully decomposed; 4~5 tons of organic fertilizer per acre; when the first order flower is 5 days behind, the seedlings are finished, timely irrigation; the flowering period is once every 5-7 days Water, soil moisture during the fruiting period is maintained in the range of 75% to 80%.
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