For the first time, the Synthetic Biology team of Tianjin University synthesized salidroside using the co-culture strategy of E. coli. The yield reached 6.03 g/L, which was more than 20 times that of single-bacteria production. Recently, related research results have been published in the international academic journal Metabolism Engineering.
As an active ingredient of Rhodiola rosea, a rare Chinese herbal medicine, salidroside is widely used for the treatment of cerebral ischemia, fatigue, hypoxia, and neurodegenerative diseases. It also has the effects of protecting the liver and preventing stress-induced cardiovascular disorders. At present, the extraction and separation of salidroside from Rhodiola is still the main method of its acquisition. However, wild Rhodiola rosea grows in alpine regions at an altitude of 2,500 to 5,500 meters. Since roots from 3 to 5 years old can be used to extract salidroside, the resources available for collection are limited, and the content of salidroside is very low. And China's annual consumption of Rhodiola rosea is as high as 7,000 tons.
The researchers assigned the biosynthetic pathway of salidroside to two strains for deep metabolic modification. One strain is a phenylalanine-deficient aglycone strain, which synthesizes tyrosol with xylose as the main carbon source. The other strain is a tyrosine-deficient glycosylation strain, which uses glucose as a carbon source to glycosylate tyrosol to form salidroside. The newly designed two strains cannot survive independently, but when the two strains are cultured together, the aglycon strain can provide the tyrosine required for the glycosylation strain, and the glycosylation strain can provide the phenylalanine required by the aglycone strain. Form a mutually beneficial mutual symbiotic system. At the same time, in order to eliminate the carbon source competition of glucose in the two strains, the researchers can make the aglycon strains preferentially use xylose through metabolic transformation, and the glycosylation strain can only use glucose, thus ensuring more glucose into the glycosylation. The strain synthesizes salidroside. The inter-feeding system can also control the ratio of the two groups by regulating the ratio of glucose to xylose, thereby making the co-culture system more stable and efficient.
Experts pointed out that the advantage of this co-culture system is that as long as the glycosylation enzyme gene is replaced, other glycoside products can be synthesized, which is extremely flexible in practical applications. In addition, Escherichia coli is the fastest growing industrial microorganism, and its fermentation raw material can be prepared from cellulosic biomass such as straw, which is cheap and easy to obtain, and thus has broad industrial application prospects. (Reporter Li Zhe correspondent Zhang Hua)
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