The planting of sweet corn in Tongshan County has achieved high economic benefits, and its high-yield cultivation techniques are now described as follows.
The improved varieties were selected based on the local natural conditions for high yield, high quality and multi-resistance maize varieties. For processing into canned products, use common sweet corn varieties; for harvesting fresh fruit, select super sweet corn varieties. Note that early, middle and late maturing varieties are planted in batches to increase economic efficiency. Suitable sweet corn varieties planted in Tongshan area include Miyu No.4, Tianyu No.2, Huaitian No.6 and Jingtian No.8.
Isolation control has two methods: spatial isolation and time isolation. The former requires the sweet corn field to be more than 400 meters away from other varieties of corn field. The latter is the tasseling and flowering period for staggering the two corn varieties by mistake in the wrong season. Generally, the spring sowing requires more than 40 days, and the summer sowing requires more than 20 days.
The early sowing precision sowing temperature is stable by 13 °C, 5 cm ground temperature stable above 11 °C. Usually planted before and after April 20, mulching can be planted 5-10 days earlier to sow the market. The sooner the better the summer sowing, to make full use of the temperature and light resources. On the basis of fine soil preparation, the seeds with high germination rate should be used, suitable shallow sowing should be conducted, and the sowing depth should not exceed 4 cm. Sandy lands are sown deeper than clay land, with 3500-3800 strains per acre. With the application of large-scale corn special fertilizer, 3-4 tablets per hole, with 4-8 kg per acre.
Fertilizers and waters will be applied for 2,000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 17-18 kg of pure nitrogen, 4-5 kg ​​of phosphorus pentoxide, and 5-7 kg of potassium oxide. Organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were all used as base fertilizers, 60% of nitrogen fertilizer was used as basal fertilizer, and 40% was used as top dressing. The top dressing was mainly jointing and panicle fertilizer. The former was applied at the 7-8 leaf stage. The latter was applied 10 days before the heading. The relative soil moisture content of 60% is conducive to the growth and development of sweet corn, soil moisture before the emergence of the seedlings to promote germination, seedling soil does not dry without watering. Sweet corn needs the most water before and after tasselling and flowering. Pay attention to watering. Improve the ditch system so that dry irrigation and flooding can be performed, and drainage can be eliminated in time when damage occurs.
Prevention and treatment of pests and sweet corn is vulnerable to corn borer, aphids and other hazards, resulting in decreased quality of the ear's commodities, and attention to prevention and control.
Strengthen the management of sweet corn, the better the delivery, should remove the excess tillers, operation to avoid damage to the main stem. Before planting ridges, cultivating and weeding were carried out 3-4 times. The principle of “shallow, deep and shallow†was taken into account in cultivating the depth of arable land. Shallow cultivator was used during seedling stage, combined with deep cultivating soil in middle growth stage and shallow cultivating stage in late growth stage.
Timely Harvest The harvest time is determined by looking at changes in filaments, tender grains in hands, and tasting of sweet taste. The harvest is usually carried out 22-30 days after the ear has been spun and harvested with the harvest. Early harvesting resulted in low grain content, low sugar content, and poor flavor; late harvest resulted in thicker peels and poor flavor.