The best period of winter irrigation is after the harvest of late-maturing fruits to the winter irrigation period before the soil is frozen. Winter irrigation is too early, the temperature is still relatively high, evaporation is large, is not conducive to water conservation, reducing the cold resistance of fruit trees. If it is too late, the temperature of the soil is too low, the soil is hardened, the water can't seep, the frozen water is frozen, and the roots of fruit trees are vulnerable to freezing. The time of winter irrigation of fruit trees is generally 5°C with average ground temperature of 5°C and temperature of 3°C. Because at this time, even if the nighttime temperature drops below 0°C, a freezing phenomenon occurs, but after the temperature rises during the day, it can still be thawed.
Irrigation amount The amount of irrigation water for fruit trees during winter irrigation is measured on the day after irrigation. The water seeps into the ground on the day after irrigation, and penetrates into the root distribution layer, ie, 20 to 30 cm for mature fruit trees, 70 to 100 cm for mature fruit trees, and 60% of the maximum soil water holding capacity in the field. ~80% is suitable.
Winter irrigation method 1 well irrigation. For well-fruited orchards with well-watering conditions and wells, well irrigation can be used for irrigation of fruit trees. Before the well irrigation, dug between the rows of fruit trees, repair the drainage channels, open the gate to discharge water, and fill enough water to increase the water content in the roots to improve the drought resistance and cold resistance of the fruit trees. 2 watering roots. For orchards with inadequate water sources or in the sapling stage, winter irrigation can be performed by using rooting methods, that is, using an elliptic soil mulch around the fruit trees, and the soil ridge is 15 to 20 centimeters high to prevent water rustling. To achieve the purpose of watering and water saving. After the water seepage, the soil is buried in the next day to protect the roots. 3 sprinkler or drip irrigation. For orchards with drip or sprinkling conditions, drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation can be used to save water. 4 furrow irrigation. For young fruit orchards of 1 to 2 years old, soil can be cultivated on both sides of the fruit trees to make it a ditch with a width of 50 to 70 cm. Water is poured into the ditch, and the water seeps into the roots and is absorbed by the roots. If the first pouring is not thorough, then the second day after pouring it again, fill the ditch with soil, and practical, to prevent the roots of frostbite. When digging trenches and filling, take care not to hurt the roots, otherwise it will affect the growth of young trees. The greatest benefit of furrow irrigation is that it does not require flood irrigation (watering the entire park), which saves water.
After covering the shrubs and winter irrigation, the ground cover of the whole garden is covered with materials such as rice straw, wheat straw, chaff, wheat bran, and weeds, so as to protect and prevent freezing. When covering, straw, etc. should be cut to a length of about 10 cm, and covered with a little soil to prevent wind blow. If there is no covering condition, loose soil shall be shredded immediately after irrigation to reduce the evaporation of moisture.
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