Cardiff University in the UK develops the world's first synthetic, non-biological vaccine
March 16, 2018 Source: Sina Pharmaceutical
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];One of the main challenges in delivering vaccines around the world is to keep the temperature controllable, and the vaccine must be kept at a low temperature regardless of the climatic conditions in the area being transported.
Recently, scientists from Cardiff University in the UK have created the world's first synthetic non-bio-influenza vaccine, which can easily bypass this challenge, which may indicate a revolution in the field of vaccine transportation. The new vaccine is available orally, is stable at room temperature, and can be in the form of tablets that do not require refrigeration and are easier to transport.
Image source: Visual China
This means that the new vaccine can be delivered to under-developed areas, such as developing countries, without fear of vaccine degradation. Transporting this new vaccine saves most of the cost and is very cost effective compared to the cold chain solutions required for current vaccine shipments. In addition, this new vaccine can be immunized by oral administration, which is undoubtedly good news for those who are afraid of immunization.
The results of this research have recently been published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation entitled: Peptide mimic for influenza vaccination using nonnatural combinatorial chemistry (using non-natural combinatorial chemical synthetic peptides to mimic influenza vaccine immunization).
Andrew Sewell, a professor at Cardiff University School of Medicine who led the study, said the new vaccine has many advantages. First, oral immunization eliminates fear of needles, and secondly, the vaccine's thermal stability is good and can be stored more easily. And transportation, especially suitable for use in remote areas where current vaccine delivery systems may be difficult.
As the first synthetic and stable non-biological vaccine, its preparation uses a very novel approach that takes advantage of the "mirror image" of the protein molecules that make up life.
Currently, standard vaccines usually enter the body by introducing a safe bacteria or a harmless part of the bacteria (usually protein) that stimulates the body's immune cells to produce an immune response, while the immune cells also produce memories. When this foreign protein is encountered again, the immune cells will launch a more violent attack. Under normal circumstances, if passed orally, bacteria or proteins are usually digested by pepsin. This latest study shows that stable "mirror" molecules of this protein fraction can also induce protective immune responses and are not digested after oral administration, thus providing the possibility of developing stable non-biological vaccines in the form of tablets.
Professor Andrew Sewell explained that all carbon molecules that form proteins on the earth are left-handed molecules, but they also have an abiotic form of right-handedness. Although these two molecules look exactly the same, they are actually mirror images of each other, just like our left and right hands, they cannot be completely superimposed on each other. Left-handed proteins are easily digested and do not persist in nature. These unnatural right-handed molecules are very stable. Our research shows that such mirror molecules can be successfully used for vaccine immunization, which will make it possible to explore other non-natural stable molecular "drugs" as vaccines in the future.
Structural simulations show that the native polypeptide molecule (A) and the synthetic "mirror" molecule (B) can form a similar overall conformation (C)
This latest study has successfully demonstrated proof-of-confept in a laboratory environment. In the cultured human cells, this "mirror" molecule can effectively elicit an immune response; when tested on experimental mice, this "mirror" molecule was also found to be as effective as a standard biological vaccine. However, the researchers pointed out that more research is needed to develop this method for vaccine development and other diseases. It may take several years for non-biological vaccines to be tested on humans.
The study was funded by Wellcome, the UK's largest charity funded by medical research, and the British Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Council (BBSRC). Divya Sha, a member of the Wellcome Infection and Immunobiology team, said the proof-of-concept study opened the way for the development of heat- and oral-immune vaccine products. This vaccine not only reduces transportation costs, but also increases vaccine access worldwide. But more research is needed to turn it into a real-world vaccine product. (Sina Pharmaceutical Compilation/newborn)
Article reference source:
First step in development of pill-based vaccines
2, Peptide mimic for influenza vaccination using nonnatural combinatorial chemistry
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