Xiang Shui Cui Sword is an excellent variety of long-line peppers selected in recent years. It has the advantages of high yield, disease resistance, storage and transportation, medium and early maturity, good flavor, longer and more straight. Xiang Siu Cui Jian has strong growth potential and branches. More, the leaves are small, the leaves are green; the fruits are straight and bright, the fruit consistency is good in the early and late stages, and the ability to continuously sit fruit is strong.
At present, Xiang Shui Cui Sword has been tested and promoted in Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Henan, Shanxi, Guizhou and other parts of the country. It has been well received by local growers and consumers, and the planting area is also increasing, promoting the development trend. Significant.
1 Breeding process and characteristics
1.1 Breeding process
Xiangshui Cuijian is a generation of hybrids prepared by using the cytoplasmic male sterile line 1297A as the female parent and RX15-482 as the male parent. The female parent 1297A is a sterile source in Hexi hornbill. The cytoplasmic male sterile line belongs to the pollen abortion type. The sterility is stable under different ecological environments and climatic conditions, and the sterility and infertility are 100%. The female parent is medium mature and the plant growth potential is medium. The fruit has a horn shape, a fruit length of 20-22 cm, a fruit width of 2.5 cm, and a spicy taste. The hybrid pollination has a high fruit setting rate, strong disease resistance and stress resistance, and wide adaptability. The male parent RX15-482 is a slender pepper selected from the local varieties of Ningxiang, Hunan Province. Its characteristic characteristics are significantly different from those of the original local varieties. The growth potential is strong, the plant type is tall, the branches are even, the leaves are green, and the fruit is green. Slender line shape, straight, green, fruit length 29~33 cm, good resistance and strong resilience.
The variety was matched in 2013, and in 2014-2015, it participated in the product comparison test in Hunan, Shanxi, Guangdong, Hainan and Xinjiang. In the comparison test and the regional test, Xiangshao Cuijian is better than the control variety in the early maturity, fruit strength, fruit color, fruit consistency, fruit commodity, high yield, spicy taste quality, appearance quality and comprehensive resistance of pepper. Spicy No. 16 and Xiang Spicy No. 4 have advantages. In 2016, it was promoted in Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Hainan, Guangdong, Henan, Shanxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Jiangsu and other places, and customers reflected that the performance of this variety is suitable for market demand.
1.2 Characteristic characteristics
Medium-early ripe green straight long pepper varieties. The plant has strong growth potential, many branches, small leaves and green; fruit length 29~31 cm, fruit width 2.0~ 2.2 cm; green fruit bright green, old ripe fruit bright red, fruit straight, bright, good consistency in the early and late fruits The quality of single fruit is 25~29 g, which is spicy; it has strong continuous fruit setting ability. Comprehensive resistance is good, suitable for fresh pepper market or sauce processing.
1.3 Suitable area and season
It is suitable for medium and early mature greenhouses or open fields in the hot hills, mountainous areas or plain areas. It can also be planted in the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin. Spring cultivation is carried out from September to October, planted in spring after cultivation, and planted in mid-July after autumn.
2 cultivation points
2.1 Preparation before planting
1 Planting plots Weeding herbicides throughout the park half a month before the weeding transplant (at least one week).
2 Applying base fertilizer to the base fertilizer, apply ternary compound fertilizer 65~75 kg per 667 m2, decomposed organic fertilizer 1500~2 000 kg, potash fertilizer 10~15 kg or plant ash 100~150 kg, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 50 kg or superphosphate 40 kg. It is also possible to use biogas slag instead of some organic fertilizers, but it is required that the biogas slag needs to be taken from a biogas digester that has been produced for more than three months.
3 In the prevention of underground pests in the colonized plots, before the cover film and transplanting, the insecticides such as insecticidal bismuth, trichlorfon and chlorfenapyr (fenvalerate) can be used in the whole garden of the planting plot. Spray once.
4 The planting block covers a reasonable land preparation, requiring a width of 1.3 to 1.4 m, a length of 20 m, a depth of 20 cm or more, and a depth of more than 25 cm. Then, the upper layer of the whole plot is leveled and shredded. Note that the lower plot does not need to be shredded. After all the work is integrated, the mulch can be covered on the surface. It is required to cover the black film flat, the white film should be covered tightly, or cover the straw or weeds after one week of planting.
5 Preparation of transplanted seedlings One week before transplanting, a certain compound fertilizer should be used to water the transplanted seedlings, and the compound fertilizer with a concentration of 0.2%~0.3% (ie 100~150 g compound fertilizer to 50 L water) is required, due to the compound fertilizer. It is more difficult to dissolve, and it can be started several days in advance, and when it is to be watered, it is matched with the specified concentration compound fertilizer. It can also be replaced by biogas liquid, which is required to be taken from a biogas tank that has been produced for more than 3 months. At the same time, a broad-spectrum bactericidal insecticide should be sprayed on all transplanted seedlings one week before transplanting, such as spraying chlorothalonil, carbendazim and imidacloprid or kungfu (halothyrin), and then uncovering it in time. Membrane refining.
2.2 Colonization requirements
1 The planting time is fixed at the right time. When the seedlings have 6~8 true leaves, the night temperature can be planted in Daejeon at above 15 °C. Generally choose to plant in sunny afternoon (pre-planting is easy to encounter cold spring to cause freezing of the pepper, planting too late, the pepper seedlings are too large to survive; in the morning, planting is easy because of evaporation of water), the Yellow River basin colonization time is generally in late April and early May.
2 The planting density was planted in rows between rows of 1.3 m wide ridges with a plant spacing of 40 cm.
3 After the planting is completed after planting, the plant must be poured and watered on the same day.
4 After the planting of the seedlings, the second day after planting, the seedlings should be timely to prevent the pepper seedlings from falling due to excessive temperature, causing the film to burn.
2.3 Planting Management
1 timely fertilizer
a. The first time of composting should be selected after the seedlings have been planted for one week. Because the seedlings have just been planted, they cannot absorb nutrients from the base fertilizer in time. In this case, 0.3% of the compound fertilizer solution should be added in time (since the compound fertilizer is difficult to dissolve, Therefore, it should be dissolved before application, and then adjusted to the required ratio); or supplemented with biogas liquid watering (biogas liquid is most suitable for the middle layer of biogas tank for gas production for more than 3 months). It can also be combined with a broad-spectrum bactericidal insecticide when supplementing fertilizer, which can effectively prevent pests and diseases. It should be noted that urea and ammonium bicarbonate cannot be applied for the first time, because urea, ammonium bicarbonate and other fertilizers directly affect the fruit setting rate of pepper.
b. The second time of fattening should be selected at the beginning of the flowering result, because the fertilizer should not only supply the flowering result of the plant, but also promote the growth of the plant. The fertilizer supplementation measures are the same as above, the concentration can be increased to 0.5%, and the potassium fertilizer is added during the application. , use 3-4 kg per 667 m2 to ensure the growth of plants hanging from flowers and fruits.
c. The third time for composting should be selected at the peak of flowering results, and the application of 0.2%~0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or biogas liquid (using biogas liquid from the middle layer of biogas tank for gas production for more than 3 months) 2~3 times to reduce the drop of fruit and fruit, and increase the yield of pepper after autumn. After pouring the fertilizer water twice, the hole was fixed with the soil seal.
2 In the timely growth stage of weeding plants, weeds will continue to be weeded. Even if we cover the mulch, we cannot completely hinder the growth of weeds. Weeding must be carried out in time to avoid weeds and consume nutrients.
3 timely inspection due to the weather, the film cover is easy to loose the cover is not stable, need to check in time, do a good job of relevant defense measures, using soil pressure film edge and damage.
2.4 Pest Control
When peppers grow vigorously, it is the period of frequent pests and diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to observe at any time, once it is found that pests and diseases are harmful, take measures to prevent and control in time, as follows.
1 Botrytis cinerea is easy to occur in the seedling stage and flowering stage, and is harmful to seedlings, leaves, flowers and fruits; in the early stage of the disease, timely spraying 25% prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times or 50% iprodione WP 10,000 times solution It can be prevented once every 5~7 days for 2~3 times. At the same time, the diseased plants are removed, the lime is disinfected, and the whole plant is prevented.
2 The disease is easy to occur in the whole stage from the seedling stage to the adult stage, which is harmful to the stems and fruits of the seedlings; in the early stage of the disease, spray 25% of the toxic WP WP 700 times or 58% of the Redom (Mr. Wet powder, 60~100 g per 667 m2. When the condition is serious, the dosage and the number of sprays can be appropriately increased, and the interval between medications is 9 to 13 days.
3 rots are easy to occur in the seedling stage to the growth stage, which is harmful to the roots, stems and vascular bundles of seedlings; the early stage of the disease can be used for agricultural streptomycin, carbendazim, 50% methyl thiophanate (methyl thiophanate) wettability The powder is filled with 500 times liquid, and the diseased plants are removed in severe cases, the lime is disinfected, and the whole plant is prevented.
4 anthracnose disease is easy to occur in the mature stage, which is harmful to the ripe pepper fruit and leaves; in the early stage of the disease or when the fruit is colored, the spraying of anthrax (30% benzene, azoxystrobin, bromine) 15 g to water 15-20 kg, When the condition is serious, the dosage and the number of uses can be appropriately increased, and sprayed once every 7 to 10 days.
5 Scab disease is easy to occur in the mature stage, which is harmful to leaves, stems and fruits; in the early stage of the disease, 72% agricultural streptomycin should be sprayed in time 100~150 mg/L or 47% plus Ruiren (Chunlei·Wang copper). Wet powder 800 times solution, once every 5 to 7 days, for 2 to 3 times. In addition to the several diseases described above, there are also viral diseases, cotton rot, black spot, sunburn, chalk disease, white star disease, sclerotinia disease, black root disease, etc., timely observation, timely symptomatic spray in the early stage of the disease Drug control.
6 Aphids should be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 10 g/667 m2 or 3% avoiding smog wettable powder 3 000 times for timely control.
7 Red spider and sassafras should be sprayed with 10% Liuyangmycin emulsifiable concentrate 1 000 times solution or 15% 哒螨 乳 emulsifiable concentrate 1 000~1 500 times solution.
8 Tobacco budworm is prone to occur in the flowering stage of the bud, and should be controlled in this period; 2.5% Kung Fu (halothrin) emulsifiable concentrate 400 times solution, 2.5% Uranus (bifenthrin) emulsifiable concentrate 3,000 times The solution is controlled by a solution of 10% of the clean (imidacloprid) wettable powder twice. In addition, plants will also encounter pests such as small tigers, cockroaches, and golden worms during the growth process. It should be observed in time, the right medicine, spray 90% trichlorfon soluble powder 1 000 times liquid and other chemical control, or mixed bait trap. It is worth noting that the above control agents should be used interchangeably and pay attention to the safety interval.
2.5 Harvesting at the right time
The harvest of pepper should be selected on sunny days and evenings. At noon, due to the evaporation of water, the handle of the fruit is not easy to fall off. Pay attention to the strength when harvesting. Do not turn left and right to avoid injury to the plant. It is not suitable for harvesting on rainy days. The wounds of the plants after harvesting are not easy to heal, and the bacteria are easy to invade from the wounds. The harvesting time is 3 to 5 days. The peppers are kept fresh after harvesting, so as to avoid shrinking the peppers after leaving the plants due to excessive water loss. Xiang Spicy Jade Sword is suitable for fresh pepper market or sauce processing.
The above is the cultivation technology of the new line of pepper, Xiang Sui Cui, and I hope to help you. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to Hui Nong School!
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