In the annual management of apple tree cultivation, while accelerating the accumulation of nutrients, it should minimize the ineffective consumption of nutrients. These two aspects are effective cultivation management measures to achieve high yield of apples. Specifically, the following management measures should be taken:
1. Grow roots The root system of fruit trees is the main organ for absorbing inorganic nutrients and water. The soil supplies the inorganic nutrients of the fruit tree through the root absorption. To raise the roots of the tree and make the root system grow well, it is necessary to create a good soil environment for the growth of the root system. Such as: one is to maintain the stability of the soil moisture, not to be wet and dry, water drought suddenly, 3 to 4 days, the surface capillary roots die, and then regenerate new roots; second, stabilize the soil pH, make the soil PH value suitable for fruit trees Within the range of growth results, too high and too low are not conducive to the normal growth and absorption of the root system; the third is to increase the application of organic fertilizers, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers, create a harmonious environment for the soil, make the various elements in the soil in a harmonious state, promote Root growth and absorption; Fourth, eradicate soil diseases, reduce soil harmful flora, create a good environment for the root system, and promote the healthy growth of the root system.
2. Improving the soil, weeding and protecting the soil, controlling pests and diseases Deeply turning over the land, digging sand for soil, and improving the soil aggregate structure; deep digging and planting holes, planting grass in orchards, and covering the grass with trees, all for creating a good root growth environment. In the growing season of fruit trees, after the weather rains or after watering the trees, weeding, weeding and weeding in time; preventing and controlling the diseases and insects that harm the root system and protecting the normal growth of the root system are all management tasks that must be done in time.
3. Increase soil organic matter Many orchards have very low soil organic matter content. To make fruit trees grow vigorously, with early results, high yields, stable yields, and high efficiency, the organic matter content of the orchard soil should reach 2% to 3%, at least 1.5%. Increasing soil organic matter content is an effective way to increase the nutrition of fruit trees. Growing grass in the orchard, covering the grass with trees, and applying organic fertilizers are effective measures to increase the content of soil organic matter. The organic fertilizer can be mixed with straw, cattle, sheep, pigs, and chicken manure. After fermentation, it can be applied after it is fully rotted (especially the chicken manure must be fully rotted), and appropriate amounts of corresponding chemical fertilizers and mineral fertilizers (a variety of trace elements) can also be added. And biological fertilizer. Every year, 300-500 kg of straw carbon is applied per mu (that is, the straw is burned into charcoal like smokeless charcoal), and the soil organic matter can be increased to about 1.5 in three years.
Fourth, scientific fertilization Scientific fertilization not only promotes the growth of fruit tree roots, but also plays an important role in increasing nutrient accumulation and growth and development of the tree in the coming year. To increase the nutrient accumulation of the tree body, organic fertilizers should be applied when applying basic fertilizers in early autumn. The base fertilizer cannot be applied too late, and it should not be applied too deep. Do not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer. Pay attention to the reasonable ratio, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and apply appropriate trace element fertilizers. For fertilization, a sufficient amount of decomposed organic fertilizer or special fertilizer for fruit trees can be applied. Organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer should be applied in combination, pay attention to the nutrient balance of the tree, and it is better to be able to measure the soil formula and apply fertilizer. Fertilization should be carried out according to the needs of fruit trees, mastering the scientific fertilization time, the type of fertilizer and the amount of fertilization to fertilize. If the time of fertilization is improper, the type of fertilizer is wrong, and the amount of fertilizer is improper, it will break the normal growth of fruit trees and many problems and contradictions will occur.
According to the different development stages of apple trees, determine the type, quantity and number of fertilizers applied. In the annual growth cycle of fruit trees, the period and number of top dressing, the type of top dressing and the amount of fertilizer to be applied should be determined according to the rule of fruit tree fertilizer requirement and the growth of the tree. Pay attention to scientific fertilization, so that nutrients can be accumulated in addition to the growth and development of fruit trees.
5. Protect the leaves The organic nutrients needed for the growth and development of fruit trees are the products of photosynthesis through the leaves. There must be sunlight for photosynthesis. Therefore, in order to increase and accumulate rich organic nutrients, the leaves of the tree must be maximized to ensure that the tree body is adequate and sound, but it is not too much and causes a single tree crown or The closed leaves of the whole orchard. It is necessary to protect the long and thick leaves, dark green color, complete leaves, and protect the leaves from pests. Many orchards only pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insects in the early stage, while neglecting the preservation measures in the later stage (after the end of July), resulting in serious and early deciduous and deciduous fruit trees, the formation of large and small years, and even no results for 3 or 4 consecutive years. In fact, the apple tree formed no more than 10% of flower buds before July 15th, a large number of flower buds were after August, and the quality of the flower buds was September and October. Therefore, it is very important to prevent and control leaf and disease in the later period. It directly affects the output and quality of the year, and also affects the quantity and quality of flower buds next year.
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The pain relief patch is composed of three layers, namely, backing lining, middle gel and protective film. It is free from pharmacological, immunological or metabolic ingredients.
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