In a cattle farm, the layout of various types of cowsheds and corresponding facilities is affected by topography and landforms, and cannot be generalized. However, from the perspective of the current development level of the cattle industry, in order to better meet the production requirements, it is necessary to provide some basic requirements for the physiological characteristics of cattle of different ages and genders. Some cattle farms do not meet the hygienic requirements due to the design of the housing, and the physiological requirements of the cattle are suppressed. Even if more materials are provided, the production performance cannot be fully exerted. The management level of a farm is determined by the management of the farm and is influenced by the design of the farm.
One, yak cowshed
In juvenile period, yaks use milk as their only food. After suckling, yak still maintains the behavior of sucking milk. In order to prevent it from eating contaminants, young puppies within six weeks of age are preferably treated as individual calves. All kinds of cowsheds are made of movable individual bullpen. Because the removable Niu Lan Qing is convenient for the dirt under the management column, the bed can be kept dry, and the yaks can be disinfected and disinfected and the bedding and feces can be completely removed after the yaks are transferred to the group to implement the routine sanitary and epidemic prevention measures. In the calf house, the calf of the young calf varies according to the size of the herd and can be housed in the same age as the older calf, but each bar is the best and the bar must be kept at a certain distance. Do not scold each other and reduce the amount of hair and dirt to prevent corditis. In mild climate areas or seasons, the pens on the pens have more advantages. For example, the quay floor is covered with cobblestones, which is good for washing. When the bullpen is removed, washing and exposing the pebbles are very sanitary measures. Some advanced countries are promoting the closure of three sides, one side of the sun, no bottom, a bull bar with a cowl, is very good for maintaining the survival rate of yaks. On a small dairy farm, a calf is not necessarily a separate pen home. It can be located at one end of a barn, but calves with less than six weeks of age are still best kept in a single bar after breastfeeding. 1.5- to 8-month-old calves can be managed in groups depending on the size of the individual and whether they are breastfeeding. At this time, you can use the bull bar, small group circle, generally six per bar, each yak has a 30-45 cm slot length, if you are in the barn playground, there is a sun shelter. At this age stage, hay and silage are the main feed, and grass troughs and feed troughs are necessary facilities.
Second, bred cowshed
Breeding cattle usually have sheds. As the weight of cattle increases, hard ground should be set at the foot of the cattle feed trough. If the cattle are large, to prevent crowding and colliding with each other, the neck slug can be avoided when feeding. occur. In places where grazing conditions exist, the drinking water can be located outside the barn; full-house-fed cattle are required to have a drinking water tank in the shed or a drinking trough on the playground. In a very cold area, there must be a "warm" circle. This type of barn requires a wall thickness of 30 to 40 cm. The warmer area walls can be thinner (25 cm). The structure of the gabled roof and the roof is more conducive to cold protection. At the same time, the ventilation holes on the roof are still necessary, so as to avoid the air pollution in the cowhouse caused by the full-time house feeding of the next nine months, causing various diseases such as pneumonia and sputum.
Three, into a cowhouse
Adult cow houses have standardized designs in our country. There are head-to-head and tail-to-tail positions. Most of the adult cow houses are equipped with milking machines. In recent years, the mode of milking rooms is being tried out. Generally, there are standard design requirements.
Fourth, supporting facilities
Generally include manure, sports grounds, storage areas and feeding areas, water supply systems.
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