Interleukin, or abbreviated as interleukin , refers to a lymphokine that interacts between leukocytes or immune cells, and is a cytokine of the same type as hematopoietic growth factor. The two coordinate and interact to complete the hematopoietic and immune regulation functions. Interleukins play an important role in transmitting information, activating and regulating immune cells, mediating T, B cell activation, proliferation and differentiation, and in inflammatory responses. At present, 29 interleukins (35 later) were found, respectively named IL-1---IL29. The functions are complex, networked, and complex overlap.
Interleukin-1
(1) IL-1 (also known as lymphocyte stimulating factor) 1. The cell source is mainly produced by activated mononuclear-macrophages.
2. The form IL-1α and IL-1β are present.
3. Main biological functions
(1) Local low concentration - immune regulation: synergistic stimulation of APC and T cell activation, promote B cell proliferation and secretion of antibodies.
(2) Mass production - endocrine effect: induces acute protein synthesis in the liver; causes fever and cachexia.
IL-2
(B) IL-2 (also known as T cell growth factor, TCGF)
1. The source of cells is mainly produced by T cells.
2. The mode of action exerts effects in an autocrine and paracrine manner.
3. Main biological functions
(1) activating T cells to promote cytokine production;
(2) Stimulating NK cell proliferation, enhancing NK killing activity and producing cytokines, and inducing LAK cell production;
(3) promoting B cell proliferation and secretion of antibodies;
(4) Activate macrophages.
IL-6
1. The cell source is mainly produced by mononuclear macrophages, Th2 cells, vascular endothelial cells, and fibroblasts.
2. Main functions
(1) Stimulate the activation of B cells to proliferate and secrete antibodies; (2) stimulate T cell proliferation and CTL activation;
(3) stimulating hepatocytes to synthesize acute phase proteins and participate in inflammatory reactions;
(4) Promote blood cell development.
IL-10
(5) IL-10
1. Cell-derived major Th2 cells and mononuclear macrophages are produced.
2. Main functions
(1) Inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
(2) Inhibiting the expression of MHC class II molecules and B-7 molecules.
(3) Inhibition of T cell synthesis of cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-ï§.
(4) can promote the differentiation and proliferation of B cells.
IL-12
(6) IL-12
1. The cell source is mainly produced by mononuclear-macrophages and B cells.
2. Main functions
(1) Activating and enhancing NK cell killing activity and IFN-ï§ production;
(2) Promoting the differentiation of Th0 into Th1 cells and secreting IL-2 and IFN-ï§;
(3) enhancing the killing activity of CD8+ CTL cells;
(4) can induce LAK cells in synergy with IL-2;
(5) Inhibition of Th0 cell differentiation into Th2 cells and IgE synthesis.
IL-17
The interleukin-17 family of cytokines is like a double-edged sword. In acute inflammatory reactions, they can be secreted quickly to protect the body from harmful substances. When the human body is produced due to various genetic and environmental factors. When they cause chronic inflammation, they accelerate the course of many chronic diseases. Therefore, interleukin-17 family cytokines are closely related to human health. What scientists need to do is to study their regulatory mechanisms for different inflammatory responses, which will provide valuable reference and treatment strategies for the prevention and treatment of many major diseases related to inflammation.
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