Recently, at the 4th Beijing International Robotic Surgery Demonstration and Symposium, participating medical experts demonstrated the most advanced robotic surgery in the world today.
One of the important contributions of medical science to human civilization in the 20th century is the formation and development of minimally invasive surgery. Compared with traditional open surgery, this operation has the characteristics of trauma, small scar and quick recovery.
1, minimally invasive technology from scratch to more than 30 years
In the 1990s, the concept of robotic surgery was first introduced to the field of cardiac surgery. In 1997, Professor Carpenter of France underwent the first mitral valvuloplasty with the aid of an early robotic surgery system; in 1998, the world's first robot-assisted coronary artery bypass surgery was completed, followed by successful Coronary artery bypass surgery under full robotic operation; in 2001, full robotic mitral valvuloplasty occurred; in the same year, some heart centers began to develop full robotic atrial septal defect repair and atrial fibrillation ablation. At present, only a few heart centers in the world can carry out full robotic heart surgery.
It should be said that robotic surgery begins with the use of thoracoscopic surgery, and the doctor completes the entire operation with the good vision provided by the thoracoscopic-television surveillance system. At this time, it is still difficult to avoid a large incision. Such surgery is actually endoscopically assisted cardiac surgery, not a true robotic heart surgery.
The research and development of medical surgical robot systems has attracted great attention from many developed countries such as the United States, Italy, Japan and other governments and academia, and has invested a lot of human and financial resources to carry out research. In 1994, the United States developed the first automatic endoscope positioning system to assist minimally invasive surgery. Although the system is only a "mirror" electronic manipulator, it has taken a crucial step in the development of robotic surgery systems. A breakthrough in surgical robot systems was the launch of the Da Vinci robotic surgery system in 1999, marking the birth of the world's first real surgical robot. After passing the US FDA market certification on July 11, 2000, "Da Vinci" became the world's first robotic surgical system that can be officially used in the operating room, and is mainly used in abdominal surgery. The system allows the doctor to enter the patient's body from a 1 cm incision for surgery. Due to the complexity and dangers of cardiovascular surgery, the successful application of robotic surgical systems to cardiac surgery is a milestone.
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