Release date: 2015-02-02
With the advancement of society, the pace of people's life has accelerated, and the range of social anxiety disorder population has also expanded. There are social anxiety disorder people in all walks of life, and the group has obvious gender differences. Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, refers to a type of social phobia in which one or more social situations are perceived to be persistently fearful because of possible embarrassment, public ugliness, or being looked at by strangers. Mental disorder.
Studies have shown that social anxiety disorder is mostly concentrated before and after puberty, it is difficult to relieve itself without treatment, the average duration of the disease is about 20 years, and because the age of onset of the disorder is earlier, it is estimated that about 70% of patients will Other types of mental disorders such as phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, and depression. Sun Yizhuo and Wang Weihong from the Department of Psychology of Southwest University conducted a scientific analysis of the prevalence, disease symptoms, comorbidity patterns and etiology of gender dimorphism in social anxiety disorder and published in Hans Publishing, Psychological Progress 2015. In the academic journal of January. The article combines the research on the duality of social anxiety disorder in recent years at home and abroad, and systematically sorts out the above contents, in order to pay attention to this gender dimorphism in future theoretical and clinical research. The article analyzes from two aspects of environmental factors and psychological factors, and draws important conclusions.
Environmental factors: (1) social environment factors. Due to the influence of factors such as culture and politics, there is obvious unfairness between the two sexes in social interaction. The weak position of women in social interactions may be the external condition that leads to the high incidence of female SAD. (2) The influence of gender roles. In order to be consistent with their traditional gender roles, men will understate their fear and depression levels to avoid being perceived as vulnerable by others; women can truly express their fears without fear of negative consequences; (3) parenting style influences. As they grow up, boys are encouraged to use problem-centric coping strategies, while they learn to control emotions, not just emotions, which gives men the personality and skills to prevent excessive fear and anxiety disorders; Traditional female characters do not emphasize initiative and control, but are encouraged to use emotional-centered coping strategies. Women's tendency to rely on and expect others to protect may lead to more avoidance behavior.
Psychological factors: (1) Cognitive factors: Women with high social anxiety are more likely to have socially relevant cognitive abilities than those with low social anxiety, while no similar differences are found in men. At the same time, women are more sensitive than men in terms of empathy, social inference, understanding of other people's ideas and other socially relevant cognitive abilities. This high alertness to social cues will lead women to be more sensitive in the process of social interaction, and thus More likely to suffer from social anxiety disorder; (2) Coping style: Women are more likely than men to use emotional-centered coping strategies to cope with stressful situations, while women prefer to think more than men, which leads them to overestimate social events The degree of danger increases the risk of fear, avoidance of response and SAD. (3) Self-efficacy: When girls grow up, they will feel more lack of influence on the outside world, which will lead to uncontrollable attribution style, which makes them more susceptible to anxiety and emotional disorders. . In adulthood, women also report that they have a greater sense of control over their lives than men. In the social process, women are stronger than men in three kinds of beliefs: negative emotions are difficult to control, maintaining a positive atmosphere in interpersonal communication is their responsibility, and negative events are difficult to control.
Through the above analysis, it can be found that social anxiety disorder has obvious gender dimorphism in prevalence, disease symptoms, comorbidity patterns and etiology. Researchers who emphasize social factors believe that the disadvantages of women in social interaction, traditional gender roles and socialization are the reasons for the high incidence of SAD in women; the researchers who emphasize psychological differences start from the psychological characteristics of both sexes to explore What psychological factors lead to differences in the SAD between the two sexes.
Source: Thousand people think tank
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